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Less Harm on the Farm: Regenerative Agriculture

Secondary, Middle

Description

These learning activities provide students with a diverse set of experiences, from historical 
exploration to hands-on experiments and community engagement, allowing them to grasp the concepts of regenerative agriculture and understand its significance in addressing environmental challenges.

Overview of Lessons: 
Part 1: Introduction – What is the regenerative agriculture? 

  • Students will be introduced to the topic of regenerative agriculture through a discussion about farming and food. They will watch a short video about the concept and examine articles in small groups to understand the concept further. 

Part 2: Background & History 

  • Students will use visual and historical resources to understand agricultural revolutions and their impact on our ability to feed growing populations.    

Part 3: Regenerative agriculture practices and their impact on ecosystems 

  • Students will conduct a series of experiments to understand individual practices used in regenerative agriculture. 

Part 4: Virtual Field Trip 

  • Students will take a virtual field trip to various global sites to learn directly from farmers and scientists. Students will see regenerative practices in action and dive deeper into soil health, biodiversity, and other related topics. 

Part 5: Extend learning (Optional)

  • Student learning is extended through related long-term experiments and a community engagement project. 

General Assessment

What skills does this resource explicitly teach?

The resource explicitly teaches skills such as scientific investigation, evaluating evidence, analyzing environmental impacts, and developing solutions to environmental challenges.

Strengths

  • A list of vocabulary that pertains to the resource is provided. 
  • Supplemental resources are provided for students. 
  • This resource has hands-on and inquiry-based learning, with opportunities for investigations, outdoor activities, and project work.
  • The resource is well-organized with clear lesson plans, background information, and supporting resources.
  • An extension activity is provided for those wishing to go deeper into the subject. 

Weaknesses

  • This resource uses some unusual materials which teachers will need to source. 
  • This resource offers few opportunities for student choice, as most activities, questions, and outcomes are predetermined by the resource.
  • A real-world environmental action is an extension only. 
  • Assessment tools are limited in this resource, with few rubrics, self-assessments, or formative assessment strategies provided.

Recommendation of how and where to use it

This resource is best used in middle or high school Science, Environmental Science, Geography, Agriculture, and Sustainability courses. It works particularly well as a climate change, food systems, or ecosystems unit, combining classroom learning with outdoor investigations, school garden projects, or community partnerships with local farms. 

Relevant Curriculum Units

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        • Environmental Science 12: Sustainable land use is essential to meet the needs of a growing population
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        • Agriscience 801A: Crop Production
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        • Science 9: The biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere are interconnected, as matter cycles and energy flows through them.
    • Grade 11
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      • Environmental Science
        • Step 4Relevant matches
        • Environmental Science 11: Changing ecosystems are maintained by natural processes.
        • Environmental Science 11: Complex roles and relationships contribute to diversity of ecosystems
        • Environmental Science 11: Human practices affect the sustainability of ecosystems
        • Environmental Science 11:Humans can play a role in stewardship and restoration of ecosystems
      • Science
        • Step 4Relevant matches
        • Earth Science 11: The transfer of energy through the atmosphere creates weather and is affected by climate change
        • Earth Science 11:The distribution of water has a major influence on weather and climate.
    • Grade 12
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      • Environmental Science
        • Step 4Relevant matches
        • Environmental Science 12: Human actions affect the quality of water and its ability to sustain life.
        • Environmental Science 12: Human activities cause changes in the global climate system
        • Environmental Science 12: Living sustainably supports the well-being of self, community, and Earth.
        • Environmental Science 12: Sustainable land use is essential to meet the needs of a growing population
      • Science
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        • Specialized Science 12: Biodiversity is dependent on the complex interactions and processes between biotic and abiotic factors
        • Specialized Science 12: Climate change impacts biodiversity and ecosystem health
      • Social Studies
        • Step 4Relevant matches
        • Human Geography 12: Human activities alter landscapes in a variety of ways.

Themes Addressed

Air, Atmosphere & Climate (1)

  • Climate Change

Citizenship (1)

  • Sustainable Consumption

Ecosystems (2)

  • Biodiversity
  • Interdependence

Food & Agriculture (3)

  • Conventional Farming
  • Food Security
  • Local Food

Water (2)

  • Water Quality
  • Watershed Protection

Sustainability Education Principles

Principle Rating Explanation
Consideration of Alternative Perspectives Good

The resource encourages students to evaluate evidence and discuss solutions, but they are not explicitly required to take and defend a position.

     

Consideration of Alternative Perspectives:
  • Satisfactory: absence of bias towards any one point of view
  • Good: students consider different points of view regarding issues, problems discussed
  • Very good: based on the consideration of different views, students form opinions and  take an informed position
Multiple Dimensions of Problems & Solutions Good

Students examine different approaches to agriculture and consider the environmental, social, and economic impacts of farming practices. T

Multiple Dimensions of Problems & Solutions:

Effectively addresses the environmental, economic and social dimensions of the issue(s) being explored.

  • Satisfactory: resource supports the examination of  these dimensions
  • Good:  resource explicitly examines the interplay of these dimensions
  • Very Good:  a systems-thinking approach is encouraged to examine these three dimensions
Respects Complexity Very Good

Students explore complex issues such as soil depletion, water quality, biodiversity loss, climate change, and food production. The resource shows that these challenges are interconnected and that no single solution can address them all.

Respects Complexity:

The complexity of the problems/issues being discussed is respected.

Acting on Learning Satisfactory

Even though students are encouraged to get involved, most action opportunities are suggested extensions rather than projects that result in measurable change.

Acting on Learning:

Learning moves from understanding  issues  to working towards positive change — in personal lifestyle, in school, in the community,  or for the planet

  • Satisfactory: action opportunities are included as extensions 
  • Good: action opportunities are core components of the resource
  • Very Good: action opportunities for students are well supported and intended to result in observable, positive change
Values Education Good

Students have opportunities to discuss food systems, sustainability, and environmental issues, and to reflect on actions they can take in their own lives. 

Values Education:

Students are explicitly provided with opportunities to identify, clarify and express their own beliefs/values.

Empathy & Respect for Humans Satisfactory

The resource discusses how regenerative agriculture can benefit farmers, communities, and future generations. 

     

Empathy & Respect for Humans: Empathy and respect are fostered for diverse groups of humans (including different genders, ethnic groups, sexual preferences, etc.).
Personal Affinity with Earth Very Good

The resource fosters a strong connection to nature through hands-on experiments, exploration of ecosystems, and learning about soil, wetlands, biodiversity, and sustainable farming practices. 

Personal Affinity with Earth:

Encourages a personal affinity with -the natural world.  

  • Satisfactory: connection is made to the natural world
  • Good: fosters appreciation/concern for the natural world
  • Very Good: fosters stewardship though practical and respectful experiences out-of-doors 
Locally-Focused Learning Very Good

The resource connects learning to local food systems and encourages students to engage with local farmers, farmers' markets, community gardens, and sustainable agriculture initiatives.

Locally-Focused Learning:

Includes learning experiences that take advantage of issues/elements within the local community. 

  • Satisfactory: learning is made relevant to the lives of the learners
  • Good: learning is made relevant and has a local focus
  • Very Good: learning is made relevant, local and takes place ‘outside’ , in the community 
Past, Present & Future Very Good

The resource explores the history of agricultural revolutions, examines current environmental challenges in food production, and highlights regenerative agriculture as a pathway to a more sustainable future. 

Past, Present & Future: Promotes an understanding of the past, a sense of the present, and a positive vision for the future.

Pedagogical Approaches

Principle Rating Explanation
Open-Ended Instruction Good

Students investigate real-world challenges in agriculture and explore a variety of regenerative practices that can address them. The resource encourages discussion, experimentation, and evaluation of different solutions rather than promoting a single strategy.

     

Open-Ended Instruction :

Lessons are structured so that multiple/complex answers are possible; students are not steered toward one 'right' answer.

Integrated Learning Good

The resource integrates science, environmental studies, agriculture, geography, and citizenship as students explore food systems, ecosystems, climate change, and sustainable solutions. 

Integrated Learning:

Learning brings together content and skills  from more than one  subject area

  • Satisfactory: content from a number of different  subject areas is readily identifiable
  • Good:  resource is appropriate for use in more than one subject area
  • Very Good:  the lines between subjects are blurred 
Inquiry Learning Good

Students investigate questions about food production, sustainability, and environmental challenges through experiments, discussions, and inquiry activities. The resource provides guiding questions and a structured process, while students explore evidence and develop their own understanding.

     

Inquiry Learning:

Learning is directed by questions, problems, or challenges that students work to address.   

  • Satisfactory: Students are provided with questions/problems to solve and some direction on how to arrive at solutions.
  • Good: students, assisted by the teacher clarify the question(s) to ask and the process to follow to arrive at solutions.  Sometimes referred to as Guided Inquiry
  • Very Good:  students generate the questions and assume much of the responsibility for how to solve them.  . Sometimes referred to as self-directed learning.

 

Differentiated Instruction Good

The resource uses a variety of instructional approaches that support visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learners, although specific accommodations for students with learning difficulties are limited.

Differentiated Instruction:

Activities address a range of student learning styles, abilities and readiness.

  • Satisfactory:  includes a variety of instructional approaches
  • Good: addresses  the needs of visual, auditory &  kinesthetic learners
  • Very Good: also includes strategies for learners with difficulties
Experiential Learning Very Good

Students engage in authentic learning through hands-on experiments, virtual field trips, and investigations of real-world farming practices and environmental issues. The resource also encourages community connections through local farms, community gardens, and sustainable agriculture initiatives beyond the classroom.

Experiential Learning:

Authentic learning experiences are provided

  • Satisfactory: learning takes place through ‘hands-on’ experience or simulation
  • Good: learning involves direct experience in a ‘real world context’
  • Very good: learning involves ‘real world experiences’ taking place’ beyond the school walls.
Cooperative Learning Satisfactory

Students will work in groups. 

Cooperative Learning:

Group and cooperative learning strategies are a priority.

  • Satisfactory:  students work in groups
  • Good: cooperative learning skills are explicitly taught and practiced
  • Very Good: cooperative learning skills are explicitly taught, practiced and assessed
Assessment & Evaluation Satisfactory

The resource includes guided discussion questions, reflection opportunities, presentations, experiments, and a Kahoot review that can be used to monitor student understanding. However, it does not provide formal assessment tools such as rubrics, checklists, self-assessments, or clear summative assessment criteria.

Assessment & Evaluation: Tools are provided that help students and teachers to capture formative and summative information about students' learning and performance. These tools may include reflection questions, checklists, rubrics, etc.
Peer Teaching Satisfactory

Students share their learning through group presentations, discussions, and reporting on articles and investigations. 

Peer Teaching:

Provides opportunities for students to actively present their knowledge and skills to peers and/or act as teachers and mentors.

  • Satisfactory: incidental teaching that arises from cooperative learning, presentations, etc.
  • Good or Very Good: an opportunity is intentionally created to empower students to teach other students/community members. The audience is somehow reliant on the students' teaching (students are not simply ‘presenting')
Case Studies Good

The resource uses real-world examples and a virtual field trip featuring farmers, scientists, wetlands, agroforestry, and regenerative agriculture practices in action. 

     

Case Studies:

Relevant case studies are included.  Case studies are thorough descriptions of real events from real situations that students use to explore  concepts in an authentic context.

Locus of Control Good

Students have some opportunities to choose topics for presentations, investigations, and extension activities, and they can explore areas of interest in greater depth. 

Locus of Control: Meaningful opportunities are provided for students to choose elements of program content, the medium in which they wish to work, and/or to go deeper into a chosen issue.